How can a mountain make one side wetter than the other?
In the Hawaiian example, moist air rises over mountains, cools, and can release precipitation. Air reaching the leeward side may then help produce a drier area, depending on wind and local conditions.
Questions you could explore
- Why does rising air favor condensation?
- What would change if the prevailing airflow changed?
Start reading
- NOAA Climate.govRain shadows on the summits of Hawaii
NOAA’s Hawaiian example explains orographic rainfall and rain shadows; it is background rather than a current rainfall report.
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