How can the same flask keep drinks hot or cold?
A vacuum flask does not need to know whether it contains hot coffee or cold water. Its design slows heat transfer between the contents and their surroundings. James Dewar’s flask combined a gap with a partial vacuum, silvered surfaces, and a narrow neck, although no real flask stops heat transfer completely.
Questions you could explore
- What do the vacuum gap and the neck each contribute?
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- Royal InstitutionJames Dewar’s vacuum flask
The Royal Institution describes Dewar’s flask and the design changes that helped insulate its contents.
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